Word-Initial Vowels
The following table shows the full glyphs for the vowels, in the usual 3-by-3 arrangement. These are used for word-initial vowels and in medial vowels that immediately follow another vowel. In left-to-right, top-to-bottom order (dictionary order) they are, in Roman orthography, u, w, y, o, ɜ, i, ø, a, e.
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Vowel Breathings
These vowels may be modified by breathing diacritics. As an example, we show a smooth y and a harsh a below, respectively:
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These diacritics can be used on any full vowel glyphs to indicate breathing.
Final Vowels
If a vowel ends a word, the word-final form is used instead. The word-final vowels are simply dotted versions of the basic vowels. Note again, that these are used only if the last syllable in the word is a vowel.
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Furthermore, if the vowel ends a sentence, an alternate glyph is substituted. These alternate glyphs are slightly more elaborate (or sometimes totally different!) forms that are somewhat like “capital letters”.
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Lastly, if the vowel ends a paragraph, the paragraph-final glyph is employed. The paragraph-final glyphs are just embellished forms of the sentence-final glyphs. The embellishments are either a vertical line to the right of the glyph, or an underline, sometimes incorporated into the glyph itself. We shall see later that this mechanism is also used for the consonants.
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Vowel Diacritics
Finally, the following table shows the diacritical form of the vowels. These are used for medial vowels that follow a consonant. As mentioned earlier, they are sometimes omitted in sanokí writing, especially when they can be inferred from context. For the purposes of clarity, we have inserted a dotted box showing where a consonant glyph would appear when marked with each vowel.
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