Hrmitt reference grammar


4.11. Elided Verbs

In longer text, sometimes frequently repeated verbs are elided, leaving the verbalising suffixes -mi and -ni attached only to the embedded subject. This happens most often with the verb ehrlumi “to speak” in prose describing a conversation.

For example:

ehrlunetenettmi, "dahshtaini? ipfen enetti ihautu. sai ipftai?"

ehrlu-et-enett-mi,
tongue-3sg-Enett-v
"dahsht-ai-i?
trouble-q-pred
ipf-en
eye-1sg
enett-i
Enett-pred
ihautu.
Ihautu
sai
who
ipf-tai?"
eye-2pl

Enett says, "Hi! I am Enett Ihautu. What're your names?"

lishtmi, "ipfen lishti ivuŋdu."

lisht-mi,
Lisht-v
"ipf-en
eye-1sg
lisht-i
Lisht-pred
ivuŋdu."
Ivungdu

Lisht: "I am Lisht Ivungdu."

sebtmi, "ipfen sebti llatu."

sebt-mi,
Sebt-v
"ipf-en
eye-1sg
sebt-i
Sebt-pred
llatu."
Llatu

Sebt: "I am Sebt Llatu."

ne enettmi, "ipfemi ipftaitu!"

ne
and
enett-mi,
Enett-v
"ipf-en-mi
eye-1sg-v
ipf-tai-tu!"
eye-2pl-dat

And Enett: "Nice to meet you!"

Notice how the verb ehrlu is elided after the first mention in the opening clause, leaving only the subject's name attached to -mi.

This elision, however, does not happen if the subject of the verb is a pronoun, because pronouns cannot stand alone and cannot appear at the head of a word.