This section explains the standard farewalls in Hrmitt. These are the farewalls that are understood by all native speakers and used in standard situations. However, one should be aware that there are many other situation-specific ways of farewells. Describing all of them is beyond the scope of this grammar, though we may include some of the more common examples as space permits.
In informal contexts, farewell is expressed thus:
ŋat dahshtopfi.
| ŋat |
| imp.3sg |
| dahsht-opf-i |
| trouble-neg-pred |
Goodbye. (Lit. May there be no trouble!)
To express an especially heartfelt farewell, one may address the other party explicitly:
ŋat ipfteku dahshtopfi.
| ŋat |
| imp.3sg |
| ipf-tek-u |
| eye-2sg-pat |
| dahsht-opf-i |
| trouble-neg-pred |
Goodbye. (Lit. May there be no trouble to you!)
ŋat ipftainu dahshtopfi.
| ŋat |
| imp.3sg |
| ipf-tai-u |
| eye-2pl-pat |
| dahsht-opf-i |
| trouble-neg-pred |
Goodbye. (Lit. May there be no trouble to you all!)
On the other hand, a curt farewell among close friends is sometimes simplified to:
dahshtopfi.
| dahsht-opf-i |
| trouble-neg-pred |
Goodbye. (Lit. No trouble!)
Typically, the other party repeats the same phrased, addressed to the speaker, as part of the parting protocol.
In formal contexts, farewell is expressed differently:
aŋ shogni.
| aŋ |
| imp.2sg |
| shog-ni |
| tool-become.v |
Farewell. (Lit. Be useful!)
aŋsh shogni.
| aŋsh |
| imp.2pl |
| shog-ni |
| tool-become.v |
Farewell. (Lit. Be useful!)
To which one may reply by either repeating the same phrase, or use the standard reply:
shogauni.
| shog-au-ni |
| tool-1sg.p-become.v |
Farewell. (Lit. I have been useful!)
shogmuni.
| shog-mu-ni |
| tool-1pl.p-become.v |
Farewell. (Lit. We have been useful!)
In very formal, official situations, the phrase may be expanded to:
aŋ shogni pjaktu.
| aŋ |
| imp.2sg |
| shog-n |
| tool-become.v |
| pjak-tu |
| Pyak-dat |
Farewell. (Lit. Be useful to Pyak!)
aŋsh shogni pjaktu.
| aŋsh |
| imp.2pl |
| shog-n |
| tool-become.v |
| pjak-tu |
| Pyak-dat |
Farewell. (Lit. Be useful to Pyak!)
To which the other party replies:
shogauni pjaktu.
| shog-au-ni |
| tool-1sg.p-become.v |
| pjak-tu |
| Pyak-dat |
Farewell. (Lit. I have been useful to Pyak.)
shogmuni pjaktu.
| shog-mu-ni |
| tool-1pl.p-become.v |
| pjak-tu |
| Pyak-dat |
Farewell. (Lit. We have been useful to Pyak.)